A new article lays out three concepts from complex systems science that could advance studies into animal social complexity. From bees to birds to humans, the animal kingdom is full of organisms that ...

From bees to birds to humans, the animal kingdom is full of organisms that have evolved complex social structures to solve specific problems they encounter. Explaining why some species evolved more ...

Reptiles and amphibians have been neglected in research on cognition, emotions, sociality, need for enriched and stimulating environments, and other topics that have been greatly emphasized in work on ...